作者:王嘉琪
2023年3月24日 星期五
2023最新退化性關節炎照顧的共識_適當運動和體重管理很重要
2023年3月23日 星期四
2023年3月22日 星期三
學經歷
臺北榮民總醫院復健醫學部主治醫師
國立陽明大學醫學系助理教授
專業資格
復健專科醫師執照疼痛專科醫師執照超音波專科醫師執照
書籍著作

我四十歲,怎麼可能得五十肩?
冰凍肩雖俗稱五十肩,但好發於40到70歲,40到70歲之間的成年人中,大約有 2% 到 5% 會出現冰凍肩。冰凍肩為關節囊(下圖)發炎之後產生沾黏,而造成肩關節活動度受限。
- “疼痛”或“沾黏前”期(painful or preadhesive phase):滑膜開始出現一些病理上的改變,患者通常會有輕微的肩部疼痛和肩關節活動受限,此階段大約維持0-3個月。
- “冰凍期(freezing phase),滑膜過度增生持續進行,角度受限更為明顯,此階段大約出現在第3-9個月。
- 結凍期(frozen phase),滑膜病理變化開始減輕,但是關節囊內的沾黏情況仍然存在,此階段大約出現在第9-15個月。
- 解凍期(thawing phase),此階段大約出現在第15-24個月,關節活動度會逐漸改善。
旋轉肌腱撕裂
作者:王嘉琪
旋轉肌袖(rotator cuff)由四個肌腱組成:肩胛下肌(subscapularis)、棘上肌(supraspinatus)、棘下肌(infraspinatus)和小圓肌(teres minor)。功能上,旋轉肌袖除了轉動肱骨頭,最重要的是當其收縮時會產生對肱骨的壓縮,藉以穩定肱骨頭(humerus)在肩盂(glenoid)中。
肩旋轉肌袖疾病(rotator cuff disorder)是臨床上常見的疾病,可分為旋轉肌腱炎及旋轉肌腱撕裂。最常見有問題的肌腱大多為棘上肌(supraspinatus tendon)。基於時間因素,旋轉肌袖撕裂可以分為急性和慢性。撕裂的程度,分為部分厚度撕裂(partial thickness tear)(圖)或全厚度撕裂(full thickness tear)(圖)。另外,撕裂也可以分為外傷性或退化性。
隨著時間的進展,原本只是部分厚度撕裂的肌腱可能會變成全厚度撕裂,造成肌肉脂肪變性(fatty degeneration)及萎縮,最後甚至造成肩關節磨損,即袖斷裂關節症(cuff tear arthropathy) (圖一),即時地診斷並適當地給予治療,有助於緩解病患的疼痛並避免破裂惡化。
圖一旋轉肌袖撕裂(rotator cuff tear)是臨床很常見的肩部疼痛。60歲以上的人,有超過50%的人,至少有部分厚度(partial-thickness tear)的旋轉肌袖撕裂。研究顯示,旋轉肌袖撕裂也可能與遺傳相關。
慢性旋轉袖撕裂可能會無症狀(圖二),然而有些病患會間歇性肩部疼痛。大多數患有慢性旋轉袖撕裂的患者可以採用保守治療。若對保守治療沒有反應或慢性撕裂合併急性撕裂的患者才考慮手術治療。
圖二旋轉肌袖撕裂:一定要手術嗎?答案其實因人而異!根據國際期刊的研究,保守治療 vs. 手術治療都有支持者,重點是選對策略。2010年系統性回顧文章顯示手術與保守治療在疼痛與功能改善上無顯著差異,尤其在小型或中型撕裂的病患中。2017系統性回顧文章顯示手術治療在短期(6個月)可能功能改善較快,但長期差異不大。保守治療仍可穩定肩功能。2018的研究顯示5年追蹤顯示:未開刀的全層撕裂患者,生活品質並未持續惡化,許多病人能保有日常功能。然而,若症狀持續超過3–6個月無改善者,年輕患者,撕裂為全層撕裂且活動量大者,可以考慮手術修補。
旋轉肌袖撕裂手術後,再撕裂(retear)是常見且需關注的問題,整體再撕裂率高達 22%。
保守健中,針對肩關節肌力的訓練是非常重要的,疼痛緩解不佳的病患可以考慮輔以注射治療,超音波導引注射可以準確看到撕裂處將藥水注射在撕裂處,另外,當病患撕裂合併滑液囊積水,使用超音波導引可以將滑液囊內積水排出(影片)。
玻尿酸、葡萄糖增生、PRP注射皆有助於改善症狀,輕微破裂的病患有機會縮小破洞(圖)。為何近年來不傾向類固醇治療旋轉肌撕裂?因為,類固醇注射雖可短暫消炎止痛,但卻可能致使肌腱脆弱化,宜謹慎使用。研究顯示注射類固醇會造成降低细胞增生、降低细胞活力、失去正常的膠原蛋白排列 、降低肌腱強度
2023年3月21日 星期二
學術著作
肩關節學術研究
- Wang JC, Hsu PC, Wang KA, Wu WT, Chang KV. Comparative Effectiveness of Corticosteroid Dosages for Ultrasound-guided Glenohumeral Joint Hydrodilatation in Adhesive Capsulitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2022. 總結:10mg triamcinolone 肩關節擴張術與40mg triamcinolone 肩關節擴張術對於治療冰凍肩成效效果相當
- Wang JC, Tsai PY, Hsu PC, Huang JR, Wang KA, Chou CL, Chang KV. Ultrasound-Guided Hydrodilatation With Triamcinolone Acetonide for Adhesive Capsulitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Posterior Glenohumeral Recess and the Rotator Cuff Interval Approaches. Frontiers in pharmacology 2021;12:686139. 總結:由rotator interval處,較傳統由後方recess進行擴張術,對於冰凍肩疼痛改善,療效較佳。
- Hsu PC, Chang KV, Wu WT, Wang JC, Özçakar L. Effects of Ultrasound-Guided Peritendinous and Intrabursal Corticosteroid Injections on Shoulder Tendon Elasticity: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2021;102(5):905-913. 總結:單次類固醇注射不會改變肌腱的彈性係數
- Yang CY, Fu LH, Lee CC, Wang KA, Chou CL, Wang JC. Short-Term Outcome Predictors in Patients With Primary Adhesive Capsulitis Treated With Ultrasound-Guided Hydrodilatation With Corticosteroids. American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation 2020;99(8):719-724. 總結:注射類固醇肩關節擴張術治療冰凍肩病患,coracohumeral ligament厚度小於3公分的病患,療效較佳
- Wu PY, Hsu PC, Chen TN, Huang JR, Chou CL, Wang JC. Evaluating Correlations of Coracohumeral Ligament Thickness with Restricted Shoulder Range of Motion and Clinical Duration of Adhesive Capsulitis with Ultrasound Measurements. PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation 2020. 總結:冰凍肩患者,病程超過6個月者,其coracohumeral ligament厚度較病程小於6個月者厚,coracohumeral ligament厚度與外轉及內轉角度呈負相關
- Wang JC, Chang KV, Wu WT, Han DS, Özçakar L. Ultrasound-Guided Standard vs Dual-Target Subacromial Corticosteroid Injections for Shoulder Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2019;100(11):2119-2128. 總結:對於肩夾擊病患,同時注射肩峰下滑囊及二頭肌腱腱鞘,比僅注射肩峰下滑囊效果可以更持久
- Huang SH, Hsu PC, Wang KA, Chou CL, Wang JC. Comparison of single platelet-rich plasma injection with hyaluronic acid injection for partial-thickness rotator cuff tears. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA 2022. 總結:單劑PRP注射與三劑玻尿酸注射對於旋轉肌腱部分撕裂皆有不錯的療效,在第3個月時,PRP注射組別,外展角度及肩關節功能優於玻尿酸注射組別
腕隧道症候群研究
- Wang JC, Hsu PC, Wang KA, Chang KV. Ultrasound-Guided Triamcinolone Acetonide Hydrodissection for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Frontiers in medicine 2021;8:742724. 總結:大容積神經解套注射於小容積注射相比,對於治療腕隧道症候群無明顯療效差異。
- Hsu PC, Liao KK, Lin KP, Chiu JW, Wu PY, Chou CL, Wang NY, Wang JC. Comparison of Corticosteroid Injection Dosages in Mild to Moderate Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2020;101(11):1857-1864 總結:腕隧道症候群病患,施打小劑量局部類固醇(10mg triamcinolone)與較大劑量類固醇(40mg triamcinolone),於第6及12週對於疼痛、手部功能,及神經傳導皆無明顯差異
- Lo IN, Hsu PC, Huang YC, Yeh CK, Yang YC, Wang JC. Dynamic Ultrasound Assessment of Median Nerve Mobility Changes Following Corticosteroid Injection and Carpal Tunnel Release in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Frontiers in neurology 2021;12:710511. 總結:腕隧道症候群病患,單次注射後,可以有效改善症狀,然而,正中神經側向位移(神經活動性)無明顯變化
- Wang JC, Lin KP, Liao KK, Chang YC, Wang KA, Huang YF, Chiu JW. Sonographic median nerve change after steroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome. Muscle & nerve 2018;58(3):402-406. 總結:腕隧道症候群病患,局部注射後,最早在第2週及可觀察到超音波下正中神經截面積會縮小,治療效果佳的病患截面積縮小程度較治療效果不佳的病患為大
- Wang JC, Liao KK, Lin KP, Chou CL, Yang TF, Huang YF, Wang KA, Chiu JW. Efficacy of Combined Ultrasound-Guided Steroid Injection and Splinting in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2017;98(5):947-956. 總結:腕隧道症候群注射後若能配合副木使用,其效果更佳,且可以延長注射之效果,可望延長病患需再次注射之時間
其他研究
- Wang JC, Shu YC, Lin CY, Wu WT, Chen LR, Lo YC, Chiu HC, Özçakar L, Chang KV. Application of deep learning algorithms in automatic sonographic localization and segmentation of the median nerve: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Artificial intelligence in medicine 2023;137:102496.
- Pan PJ, Wang JC, Tsai CC, Kuo HC. Identification of early response to hypertonic dextrose prolotherapy markers in knee osteoarthritis patients by an inflammation-related cytokine array. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA 2022.
- Lu HL, Chang CM, Hsieh PC, Wang JC, Kung YY. The effects of acupuncture and related techniques on patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA 2022;85(3):388-400.
- Chen YY, Huang CC, Wang JC, Hsu PC. Isolated Proximal Median Neuropathy after Aortic Dissection Repair: Case Report. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 2022;58(5).
- Wang JC, Wu WT, Chang KV, Chen LR, Nakashima Y, Özçakar L. Sonoanatomy and Stepwise/Systematic Ultrasound Examination of the Extrinsic/Intrinsic Wrist Ligaments. Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) 2021;11(10).
- Wang JC, Wu WT, Chang KV, Chen LR, Chi SY, Kara M, Özçakar L. Ultrasound Imaging for the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Sarcopenia: An Umbrella Review. Life (Basel, Switzerland) 2021;12(1).
- He W, Wang JC, Tsai PY. Theta Burst Magnetic Stimulation Improves Parkinson's-Related Cognitive Impairment: A Randomised Controlled Study. Neurorehabilitation and neural repair 2021;35(11):986-995.
- Chou TY, Wang JC, Lin MY, Tsai PY. Low-Frequency vs. Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Non-fluent Aphasia in Stroke: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Frontiers in aging neuroscience 2021;13:800377.
- Hsu PC, Chang KV, Wu WT, Wang JC, Özçakar L. Effects of Ultrasound-Guided Peritendinous and Intrabursal Corticosteroid Injections on Shoulder Tendon Elasticity: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2020.
- Chang KV, Mezian K, Naňka O, Wu WT, Lou YM, Wang JC, Martinoli C, Özçakar L. Ultrasound Imaging for the Cutaneous Nerves of the Extremities and Relevant Entrapment Syndromes: From Anatomy to Clinical Implications. Journal of clinical medicine 2018;7(11).
- Sung WH, Liu CC, Wei SH, Chuang LR, Chuang E, Wang KA, Wang JC. Feasibility and outcome of an individualized Tai Chi program for improving balance and strength in the elderly: A pilot study. NeuroRehabilitation 2018;43(4):509-518.
- Yang TF, Chiu JW, Feng CK, Hsieh YC, Yang CY, Wang JC, Liao KK. Localization of the trunk muscles using musculoskeletal ultrasound guidance for pedicle screw stimulation during spine surgery. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia 2017;43:151-156.
- Yang CY, Wang JC. An unusual case of rapidly progressed cervical compression myelopathy caused by overnight inappropriate usage of Smartphone device. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia 2017;39:82-84.
- Wang KA, Wang JC, Lin CL, Tseng CH. Association between fibromyalgia syndrome and peptic ulcer disease development. PloS one 2017;12(4):e0175370.
- Wang JC, Sung WH, Chang YL, Wu SH, Chuang TY. Speed and temporal-distance adaptations during non-motorized treadmill walking in stroke and non-disabled individuals. European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine 2017;53(6):863-869.
- Wang JC, Sung FC, Men M, Wang KA, Lin CL, Kao CH. Bidirectional association between fibromyalgia and gastroesophageal reflux disease: two population-based retrospective cohort analysis. Pain 2017;158(10):1971-1978.
- Lee TS, Wu HT, Chan RC, Wang JC. Sonographic diagnosis of a glomus tumor of the thigh. Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU 2017;45(1):50-52.
- Hsu PC, Chiu JW, Chou CL, Wang JC. Acute Radial Neuropathy at the Spiral Groove Following Massage: A Case Presentation. PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation 2017;9(10):1042-1046.
- Chiu CC, Yang CY, Yang TF, Lin KP, Huang SH, Wang JC. Acute Sensory Neuronopathy following Enterovirus Infection in a 3-Year-Old Girl. Neuropediatrics 2017;48(3):190-193.
- Wang JC, Chan RC, Wu HL, Lai CJ. Effect of pillow size preference on extensor digitorum communis muscle strength and electromyographic activity during maximal contraction in healthy individuals: a pilot study. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA 2015;78(3):182-187.
- Wang JC, Chan RC, Tsai YA, Huang WC, Cheng H, Wu HL, Huang SF. The influence of shoulder pain on functional limitation, perceived health, and depressive mood in patients with traumatic paraplegia. The journal of spinal cord medicine 2015;38(5):587-592.
- Wang JC, Chan RC, Chang PY, Yang TF. Profuse unilateral hyperhidrosis induced by urinary retention in a stroke patient. Neurologist 2015;19(3):82-84.
- Lee SH, Lu WA, Lee CS, Wang JC, Lin TC, Yang JL, Chan RC, Ko SC, Kuo CD. The therapeutic effect of collateral meridian therapy is comparable to acupoint pressure therapy in treating myofascial pain syndrome. Complementary therapies in clinical practice 2014;20(4):243-250.
- Chiang CC, Lin SC, Wu HM, Wang JC, Yang TF, Chen HH, Ho DM, Wong TT. Clinical manifestation and neurosurgical intervention of encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis - a case report and review of the literature. Childs Nerv Syst 2014;30(1):13-17.
- Yang TF, Wang JC, Chiu JW, Lai CJ, Chan RC, Lee SS. Ultrasound-guided refilling of an intrathecal baclofen pump--a case report. Childs Nerv Syst 2013;29(2):347-349.
- Wang JC, Lai CJ, Wong TT, Liang ML, Chen HH, Chan RC, Yang TF. Health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with spinal dysraphism: results from a Taiwanese sample. Childs Nerv Syst 2013;29(9):1671-1679.
- Wang JC, Chiou HJ, Lu JH, Hsu YC, Chan RC, Yang TF. Ultrasound-guided perineural steroid injection to treat intractable pain due to sciatic nerve injury. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie 2013;60(9):902-906.
- Wang JC, Chan RC, Yang TF. Delayed Onset of Peroneal Neuropathy After Minor Ankle Torsion in a 9-Year-Old Boy. Journal of child neurology 2013;29(6):843-845.
- Chang PY, Chan RC, Tsai YA, Huang WC, Cheng H, Wang JC, Huang SF. Quantitative measures of functional outcomes and quality of life in patients with C5 palsy. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA 2013;76(7):378-384.
- Wang JC, Wong TT, Chen HH, Chang PY, Yang TF. Bilateral sciatic neuropathy as a complication of craniotomy performed in the sitting position: localization of nerve injury by using magnetic resonance imaging. Childs Nerv Syst 2012;28(1):159-163.
- Wang JC, Lin YC, Yang TF, Lin HY. Ataxic sensory neuronopathy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2012;21(8):905-909.
- Tsui-Fen Yang, Rai-Chi Chan,Shinn-Shing Lee, Jia-Chi Wang. Quantitative Investigation of Effect of Age and Bolus Characteristics on Laryngeal Movement during Swallowing. Tw J Phys Med Rehabil 2012;40(1):1-7.





